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The Evolution Site The concept of natural selection as the basis of evolution is the unifying force in modern biology. It connects disciplines that are as diverse as genetics microbiology, and the study of palaeontology. The study of evolution can be controversial, and the misinformation that comes from it can lead to confusion over its basic concepts. This site explains the fundamental concepts. What is Evolution? Modern evolutionary theory is based on the gradual and cumulative changes that happen in populations over time. These changes are the results of natural selection. This is a process which increases the number organisms with beneficial traits, which allow them to thrive and reproduce in certain environments. This means that these organisms leave more offspring than those who do not have the beneficial traits. This could result in a genetic mutation which could eventually lead to the creation of new species. The term “evolution” is often associated with the notion of “survival of the strongest,” which implies that people who are most well-adapted to a specific environment will have an advantage over those who aren't adapted to the environment. This is only one of the many ways in which evolution can occur. 에볼루션 바카라사이트 in which the term “evolution” is used to suggest that a species will eventually change from one state to the next state of being. This theory of evolution is referred to as anagenetic or cladogenesis. The definition of evolution that scientists have developed is not in agreement with this view. Instead, the scientific theory of evolution concentrates on the changes that occur in populations over time and these changes are the result of mutations that produce genomic variation and natural selection. Charles Darwin was one of the scientists who backed this theory. Others, notably Alfred Russel Wallace, who developed the theory of macroevolution believed that this was the only way that the higher forms of life could have evolved from the lower forms. A concept must be able stand up to rigorous tests and evidence in order to be considered as a theory. Evolution has stood the test of time, and has been backed by many scientific disciplines, from geology to biology the sciences of astronomy to chemistry. Evolution is a cornerstone of science and is supported by a majority of scientists across the world. Many people have misconceptions regarding the nature of the theory of evolution, especially how it relates to religion. What is the Theory of Evolution? Evolution is an explanation for how living things change over time. It is based upon a few established facts: that more offspring are born than can be surviving as individuals differ in their physical characteristics and that they can pass on traits to the next generation. These observations are backed by the increasing body of evidence from molecular biology, palaeontology, climatology, functional morphology and geology. Charles Darwin and Alfred Russel Wallace independently conceived the theory of evolution based on selection in the mid-19th century as a way to explain how organisms are adapted their physical and biological environments. It is the most widely accepted and tested theory in science. Its predictions have been borne out by the fact that, for example complex organisms are more likely to have fewer genetic mutations than simpler ones. In addition, the more successful an organism is in surviving and reproducing and reproducing, the more likely it is to pass on its genes to the next generation. Some people oppose evolution because they believe it implies that there is no reason for existence. Many scientists who are religious such as the Cambridge Palaeontologist Simon Conway Morris (BioLogos, 2014) believe that evolution is compatible with faith in God and can even be enhanced by it. In reality, a large number of highly skilled evolutionary biologists, some of who are revered evangelical Christian leaders are involved in the development and testing of the theory of evolution. Many of these researchers have contributed to the understanding of a wide variety of phenomena, such as phylogenetics, genomics, and the formation and role of fossils. The word “theory”, which is often misused is a reference to a scientific hypothesis that has been tested and refined over a period of time. Scientists test hypotheses by repeating the experiments or observations that led them to them. Therefore, the theory of evolution has been repeatedly tested out as have the corresponding theories of Copernican, germ theory, and atomic theory. What is the Process of Evolution? The process of evolution is a gradual change in the genetic makeup of diverse individuals within a species over time. This change is a result of natural selection, which favors individuals who are more adapted to their environment. The better-adapted individuals have a higher chance of survival and reproduction. As more people live and reproduce their genes become more prevalent in the population. This is sometimes called “survival of the most fittest.” According to the theory of evolution the mutations that cause genomic variation are the primary basis for evolutionary change. These mutations could occur randomly or be affected by the environment. If mutations are random, the resulting allele frequencies may differ from generation to generation. When an alteration is beneficial it increases the frequency of the allele, causing it to spread throughout the population. Changes in the frequency of alleles can lead to new species over time. The new species could continue to evolve and become newer forms. This is known as macroevolution. The formation of a new species is often caused by changes in the environment which make certain kinds of resources available or cause new environmental problems. For instance, the development of finches in the Galapagos Islands is a result of the availability of various food sources and the need to protect themselves from predators. In a wider sense, evolution can be defined as any change in the nature of living organisms over time. The change could be subtle, such as the development of a new color or a dramatic change, such as the formation of an organ. Scientists who accept evolution theory generally believe that genetic change is crucial in the process of creating evolution. They also acknowledge that the process of evolution takes place over a long period of time, often millions of years. They differ in the importance of various factors that could speed up or slow down the process. For example the role played by sexual selection, environmental pressures, and mutation bias. Despite these differences, the majority of scientists are still convinced that evolution is real and the evidence to support this is overwhelming. What is the Evidence of Evolution? Throughout the years since Darwin's time, scientists have collected evidence to support Darwin's theory of evolution. A portion of this evidence comes from fossils which reveal the changing traits of living things over time. Similarities between living organisms as well as embryology, biogeography, and genetics are evidence. The primary evidence of evolution can be found in the evolutionary tree, which shows how different species are connected. Another source of evidence is homologous structures, which have a similar structure in different species, but perform distinct functions like the wings of birds and bats. Evolution is evident in that different species adapt and develop to similar environments. For instance, arctic foxes and ptarmigans grow seasonal white pelts to blend into snow and ice. This is a kind of convergent evolutionary, which suggests that the species had common ancestors. Another piece of evidence is vestigial structures, which are unutilized parts of an organism which could serve a purpose in a distant ancestor. The human appendix for instance is an odour from an organ that was used to digest food. These structures tend to shrink in size once they are no longer used which is a process referred to as natural selection. Scientists have also collected other evidence for evolution through observation and experimentation. Evidence for evolution is grouped into six categories: directly observed small-scale changes, biogeographic patterns as well as comparative anatomy, fossil record, classification and genetics. Each of these provides convincing evidence that evolution of life has taken place. Many people have misconceptions regarding the theory of evolution. But, it's an established fact. It is not a speculative theory, but rather a powerful collection that is built on decades of observation. Whatever people believe or don't believe about the theory of evolution scientists continue to research and collect new data to better comprehend the evolution of life on Earth. This information will aid scientists better understand how to prevent future catastrophes on the planet and how to make the most of the resources of our planet. It will also allow us to better serve the needs of the people living on this planet.